Kidney failure also called Renal failure is kidneys fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood.
RFI = UNa x SCr/UCr
Where UCr is Urine Creatinine in mg/dL, SCr is Serum Creatinine in mg/dL, UNa is Urine Sodium in mEq/L, RFI is Renal Failure Index.
Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney