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Tube calculator

r₁ = outer radius, r₂ = inner radius, C₁ = outer circumference, C₂ = inner circumference

L₁ = outer surface area, L₂ = inner surface area, V₁ = volume within C₁, V₂ = volume within

C₂, h = height, t = wall thickness, V = volume of solid, A = end surface area

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Tube could seen as hollow cylinder or pipe.

For example, when r₁ = 2, r₂ = 1, h = 1

To calculate C₁, use the following formula: 2πr₁. When you substitute r₁ for its value, you get 2π(2), which equals 12.56637 m.
To calculate C₂, use the following formula: 2πr₂. When you substitute r₂ for its value, you get 2π(1), which equals 6.28319 m.
To calculate t, use the following formula: r_{1 - r₂. When you substitute r₁ and r₂ for their values, you get 2 - 1 = 1 m.}
To calculate L₁, use the following formula: 2πr₁h. When you substitute r₁ and h for their values, you get 2π(2)(1), which equals 12.56637 m².
To calculate L₂, use the following formula: 2πr₂h. When you substitute r₂ and h for their values, you get 2π(1)(1), which equals 6.28319 m².
To calculate A, use the following formula: π(r₁² - r₂²). When you substitute r₁ and r₂ for their values, you get π(2² - 1²), which equals 9.42478 m².
To calculate V₁, use the following formula: πr₁²h. When you substitute r₁ and h for their values, you get π(2²)(1), which equals 12.56637 m³.
To calculate V₂, use the following formula: πr₂²h. When you substitute r₂ and h for their values, you get π(1²)(1), which equals 3.14159 m³.
To calculate V, use the following formula: V₁ - V₂. When you substitute V₁ and V₂ for their values, you get 12.56637 - 3.14159, which equals 9.42478 m³.

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